Want to know what the top speed of an e-bike is? Do all models run at the same speed?
Thanks to the rapid rise of e-bikes for commuting, leisure, and even off-road adventures, more and more riders want to know their true speed capabilities. However, it is important to note that the speed of an e-bike is not solely determined by its motor. Regulations, terrain, rider weight, bike type, and technical parameters also play a crucial role.
In this article, we’ll explore the following in detail:
- Legal speeds for different categories of e-bikes,
- Factors that affect maximum speed,
- How to choose the right speed for your needs and safety.
Understanding E-Bike Speed
The speed of an e-bike is the speed that corresponds to the motor stopping assisting pedaling. In other words, if you pedal hard or go downhill, you can ride faster, but past a certain set threshold, the e-bike motor will no longer assist you.
Therefore, two types of speed are distinguished:
- Assisted speed: Maximum speed with the motor assisting you
- Actual speed: Speed you can reach with assistance + your effort, or when going downhill.
Classification and legal speed limits for electric bikes in Europe
When buying or using an e-bike, the top speed depends not only on the motor's power but, above all, on the local laws and regulations. To avoid unpleasant surprises (fines, bans, insurance voiding), it is essential to know the VAE category and its legal limits.
The EU does not use the same “Level 1, 2, 3” system as the U.S. But it does clearly define the categories based on power and assist speed:
Standard electric-assisted cycles
- Maximum assistance speed is 25 km/h.
- The continuous power rating of the e-bike motor is limited to 250W.
- Assistance stops as soon as the rider stops pedalling or the speed exceeds 25 km/h.
- No registration, insurance, or license required.
- It is recommended that adults wear a helmet.
This category accounts for the majority of e-bikes sold in Europe, especially for city travel and daily trips.
High-speed electric bike
- Maximum assisted speed up to 45 km/h.
- Motor power over 250 W.
- In most EU countries, it is classified as a moped.
- Registration required.
- Insurance required.
- Usually, an AM license or equivalent is required.
- An approved moped helmet is required.
Such bikes are banned on cycle paths in several European countries, including France, except for local exemptions.
Why are these rules important?
- It keeps roads safe, especially for pedestrians and other cyclists.
- It avoids confusion between bicycles, mopeds, and electric scooters.
What factors affect the top speed of an electric bike?
Whether you've been riding on a European city bike path or a forest trail, you've probably noticed that the actual speed of an e-bike, even if it's a bit slow, depends on a variety of mechanical, technical, and environmental factors. Here are a few of the factors that influence the top speed of an e-bike:
1. Engine power
The European EPAC (Electrically Power Assisted Cycles) standard limits motor power to 250W for public roads. On the market, you can find models with motor powers of 500W, 1000W, 2000W, and even higher. Greater motor power leads to smoother acceleration and better ability to maintain speed on slopes or against the wind.
For example, while LANKELEISI offers electric bikes with various power levels, most of its models can be controlled via the dashboard. And it meets CE certification.
2. Battery voltage and capacity
36V batteries are common for city e-bikes. 48V or 52V batteries provide more power and are therefore better able to reach and maintain high speeds, especially when going uphill.
3. Rider weight and load
A 60kg rider will have a different speed and range than a 100kg rider on the same bike. The total weight (rider + panniers, trailer, etc.) affects the effectiveness of the assistance, especially on hills.
4. Terrain type and external conditions
Flat, smooth roads = best average speed. Uneven, muddy, sandy terrain = more engine power, reduced speed. Headwinds, slopes, and even ambient temperature can affect engine performance.
5. Tires, pressure, and type
Wider tires provide more stability but at a reduced speed. Thinner tires and higher pressure = less rolling resistance and therefore more speed. Incorrect pressure can result in a loss of several km/h.
6. Pedaling effort and drivetrain
For pedal-assist e-bikes, the harder you pedal, the faster you'll go. A good gear system can help you adjust your effort to the conditions, especially on hills.
Safety precautions when driving at high speed
Riding an electric bike faster is exciting, but it also comes with responsibility. Here are the key points that cannot be ignored for safe high-speed riding:
Helmets and protective gear
In the EU, helmets are mandatory for e-bikes up to 45 km/h. Even for models with a 25 km/h speed limit, wearing an approved helmet is strongly recommended, especially in densely populated urban areas.
Increased braking distance
The higher the speed, the longer the distance required to stop. An e-bike at 25 km/h takes about 3 times longer to stop than a conventional bike at 15 km/h. Ensure that your e-bike is equipped with powerful disc brakes, especially when riding in rainy weather or on slopes.
Visibility and Anticipation
At high speeds, drivers may mistake you for an ordinary cyclist, increasing your risk of an accident. To increase your visibility:
- Wear reflective clothing.
- Install powerful front/rear lights.
- Use rearview mirrors to monitor traffic behind you.
Modified frames and suspension
E-bikes that can go faster than 25 km/h must be designed to handle high speeds: reinforced frames, suspension forks, and puncture-resistant tires. Never modify a budget e-bike to increase its speed, as this can compromise your safety.
Top speed depends on the type of e-bike
Not all e-bikes are designed to travel at the same speeds. The type of bike, its technical configuration, and its intended use have a direct impact on how it performs on-road or off-road. Here is a clear overview of common top speeds according to the type of e-bike, while complying with EU regulations.
City electric bike
- Maximum assisted speed: 25 km/h
- Suitable for: daily commuting, bicycle commuting, bike paths
- Features: comfortable, upright position, 250W motor
Electric folding bike
- Maximum assisted speed: 25 km/h
- Ideal for: short multimodal trips (train + bike)
- Features: compact, lightweight, easy to store
Electric mountain bike
- Maximum assisted speed: 45 km/h
- Ideal for: trails, hiking, technical terrain
- Features: torquey engine, all-wheel suspension, wide tires
Fat tire electric bike
- Maximum assisted speed: 45 km/h
- Ideal for: snow, sand, forest trails
- Features: high stability, powerful engine, oversized tires
Conclusion
Electric bikes are a perfect combination of speed, convenience, and environmental protection, but the key to choosing the right model is to understand the speed you need and the regulatory restrictions in your area. Whether you are looking for a reliable city commuter or a powerful high-performance model, LANKELEISI provides you with a rich choice of performance, safety, and fashion.
Visit the LANKELEISI official website now to choose an electric bike that suits your lifestyle.
